olive



Feb. 4, 1958 r P. c. OLIVE 2,822,138

IMPACT CRUSHERS Filed June 9, 1954 s Sheets-Sheet 2 a"! mum FEG.3.

INVENTOR PAUL C. OLIVE MwmPM ATTORNEYS Feb. 4, 1958 P. c. OLIVE2,822,138

IMPACT CRUS'HERS Filed June 9, 1954 s Sheets-Sheet a FIG.8.

INVENTOR PAUL C. OLIVE ATTORNEYS tion Industn'elle des. Combustibles,Fontainebleau,

France Application June 9, 1954, Serial No. 435,538

Claims priority, application France June 10,1953

Claims. (Cl. 241-194) This invention relates to impact crushers and hasmore particular reference to impact: crushers: of the hammer type.

One object of the present invention is to provide-a novel.

and improved impactcrusher of theihammer type..

Another object of. the present inventionis to provide a novel andimproved impact crusher, as characterized above, provided with aplurality. ofzpivotally mounted hammers adapted to be held intheirimpact position by centrifugal force.

Another object of the presentinvention is to provide a novel impactcrusher, as characterized above, wherein the hammers have symmetricalshapes permittingthem to be turned over when the'impact face or facesareworn out.

Another object of the present invention isto provide an improved impactcrusher, as characterized above, wherein each of the hammers is mountedso that its. center of mass is spaced from the radius of the rotorpassing through the pivotal axis of the hammer; thereby creating;

a centrifugal torque actingto hold the hammer: in working position whenthe rotor is rotating;

Another object of the invention; is to provide an improved impactcrusher, as characterized above, having a concave impact plate, aplurality of laterally adjustably spaced impact bars and a plurality oflaterallyadjustably spaced bars forming a covering for theevacuationoutlet for the crushed products.

A further object of the. present invention is to provide a novel andimproved impact crusher whichis'simplein construction, inexpensive tomanufacture, and eificientin operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in thespecification when considered in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of an impact crusher constructedin accordance with the presentinvention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the-line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatusshown in Fig 1;

Fig. 4 is a perspectivelview of one of the impact hammers shown in Figs.1 and 2;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to that shown in. Fig. 4, but showing amodified form. of hammer adapted to be mounted in the apparatus shown inFig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to that. shown in Fig. 2, but showing amodified form of rotor with. amodified form of hammer mounted thereon;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showingthe details of the modified form ofhammer shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to that shown in Fig.2, but showing a modifiedform of rotor having a modified form of hammer mounted thereon; and VFig. 9 is a perspective view showing the details of one of the hammersshown in Fig. 8.

In general, the present invention provides. a noveland improved impactcrusher comprisinga. ho us ing;, a rotor.

assembly mounted for rotation therein-andcarrying, a plurality ofperipherally spaced pivotally mounted zhammers,v with each hammerhaving'a plurality of impact faces or ICC edges so positioned that whenone impact face is'worn out the hammer can be changed on its pivotalmounting to The invention further contemplates the provision of-a.

concave impact plate mounted in the top portion of the housing; aplurality of removably adjustably mounted impact bars positioned in thebottom of the housingbelow theimpact plate; and a plurality ofadjustable laterally spaced grate bars extending across the evacuationopening in the housing.

Referring now to thedrawings, there is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3,one embodiment of the impact crusher constructed according with thepresent invention. As there shown, the crusher comprises a housing 10; ashaft 11 extending horizontally through. the end. walls of the housingwith its projecting ends journaled in suitable bearings 12 mounted onbrackets fixedly attached to the housing, with one end of the shaftcarrying means for rotation thereof; a rotor assembly, indicatedgenerally at 13, fixedly, mounted on the shaft 11 for rotation therewithand carrying a plurality. of hammers 14 pivotally mounted thereon; aconcave impact plate 15 attached to the upper portion of the housing; aplurality of impact bars 16 extending longitudinally of the housing withtheir ends removably.

supported by the end walls of the housing; and a plurality of laterallyspaced grate bars 17 extending longitudinally of the housing with theirends removably supported by the end walls of the housing.

The housing 10 may be of any suitable shape. It is shown as having aconcave top wall, indicated at 18, vertical side walls 19, 20 andvertical endwalls 21, 22. The. housing is mounted on a suitable supportor base, indicated at 23, and is provided with an inlet conduit 24 forthe entrance of the products to be treated.

The rotor assembly comprises a plurality of disc-like members 25 axiallyspaced along the. shaft 11.

shown, may have. a common hub 26 and be formed integral therewith. Thedisc-like members 25 are identical:

in construction with. each having a contour as shown. in Fig. 1, and.with each having a plurality of circumferentially spaced. radiallyextending support members. or

wings 27. Each of the support members 27 has an open-.

ing 28. extending therethrough and has a hook-shaped recess formed inone end portion to provide. an abutment or stop29.

As shown, the discs 25 are formed integral with thehub.

form an axle on which the hammers are pivotally mounted (see Figs. 1 and2).

The hammers. 14 are identical in construction and are of theshape shownin Fig. 4. Each hammer isprovided with an opening or, bore 31 so that itmay be pivotally mounted on one of the rods 30 between an adjacent pair.

of wings or support members 27. Each hammer, as shown in Fig. 4, isprovided withstops, 32, one oneach. side wall, in position to engage,when the hammer is in.-

impact. position, with the abutment 29 on the adjacent wing member. Inthis particular modification, each ofv the hammers is shown asbeingsymmetricalwith respect to a vertical plane passing, through itspivotal, axis. and. has two similar impact faces or edges, 33., 34formed. on;

opposite sides of its free end. This permits the hammers Patented. Feb.4,1958

The disclike members 25 may have separate hubs, or, and as.

with oppositely disposed stop members 64 on its side walls.

Each of the hammers 14", as shown in Fig. 9, is symmetrical with respectto a vertical plane passing through its pivotal axis and may be turnedaround on its pivotal axis when one impact face is worn out to bring itsother impact face into working position.

Each hammer 14" is pivotally mounted between aligned pairs of wingmembers 27" with the axles or rods between the wing members passingthrough the opening 63 in one of the legs 61, 62.

The abutments on the wing members 27" and the stops on the legs 61, 62are so positioned relative to the axles 57 that the center of gravity ofthe hammer, when in its working position, is spaced from a radius of theshaft 11 passing through the pivotal axis of the hammer, when the rotorassembly rotates, thereby creating a constant centrifugal torque holdingthe hammer against the abutments on the wing members.

From the foregoing, it readily will be seen that there has been provideda novel and improved impact crusher comprising a rotor assembly having aplurality of hammers pivotally mounted thereon so as to be held in theirworking position by centrifugal force and with each hammer having itscenter of gravity spaced from a radius of the rotor passing through thepivotal axis of the hammer to provide an increased and constant torqueand with each hammer being made of a symmetrical shape so that it may beturned over when one impact face is worn out to present a new impactface, or reversed end for end to present additional new impact faces; acurved impact plate portion to receive material thrown thereagainst bythe hammers; impact bars mounted below the impact plate to act as anvilsfor the hammers; and grate bars forming a grating for the evacuationoutlet.

Obviously, the invention is not restricted to the embodiments thereofherein shown and described.

What is claimed is:

1. In an impact crusher, a housing, a rotor assembly mounted forrotation therein, said rotor assembly including a plurality ofperipherally spaced abutments; a plurality of peripherally spacedpivotally and removably mounted impact hammers carried by said rotorassembly, each of said hammers being symmetrical with respect to itslongitudinal axis and provided with stop means positioned to engage atleast one of said abutments when the hammer is in working position andopposed impact faces on its free end portion so that when one impactface he comes worn the hammer may be removed and replaced on its pivotalaxis to bring the other impact face into position to be used, said stopmeans on each hammer and the abutment engaged thereby, when the hammeris in working position, being so positioned relative to each other andthe pivotal axis of the hammer that the radius of the rotor assemblypassing through the center of gravity of the hammer will be angularlydisplaced, in a direction opposite the direction of rotation of therotor assembly, from the radius of the rotor assembly passing throughthe pivotal axis of the hammer, thereby creating a constant centrifugaltorque holding the hammer in working position when the rotor assembly isrotating; means for rotating said rotor assembly; and means for feedinga stream of the product to be crushed into the path of movement of saidimpact hammers.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said hammers issymmetrical with respect to its median transverse axis and has opposedimpact faces on each of its ends and is provided with pivoted mountingmeans adjacent each end, the construction and arrangement being suchthat the hammer may be pivotally mounted by either of its ends so thatany one of its four impact faces may be brought into working position.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said rotor assembly ismounted for rotation about a horizontal axis and includes a hub membercarrying a plurality of longitudinally extending circumferentiallyspaced rows of fiat radially extending laterally spaced support memberseach having an abutment formed thereon, and a plurality of axles, oneextending through all of the support members in each of said rows, andwherein said impact ham.- mers are pivotally and removably mounted onsaid axles, one between each adjacent pair of support members in each ofsaid rows; and wherein each of said hammers is provided with opposedlaterally extending stop members positioned to engage the abutmentscarried by the pair of support members between which it is mounted whenin working position.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said rotor assembly ismounted for rotation about a horizontal axis and includes a hub memberhaving two circumferential rows of radially extending circumferentiallyspaced flat support members formed thereon, one on each end, with eachsupport member in one row horizontally aligned with a correspondingsupport member in the other row and with each support member having anabutment formed thereon; and a plurality of axles, one extending betweeneach corresponding pair of support members; wherein each of said impacthammers is in the form of an elongated rectangular frame formed by aspaced parallel pair of impact bars connected together at their ends byleg members, each of said bars having opposed impact faces and each ofsaid leg members having a pair of spaced openings horizontally alignedwith the corresponding openings in the other leg and with each legcarrying stop members positioned to engage the abutments on the supportmembers between which the hammer is mounted when in Working position,the construction and arrangement being such that each hammer may bepivotally mounted to bring any one of its four impact faces into workingposition.

5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said rotor assembly ismounted for rotation about a horizontal axis and comprises a shafthaving an axially spaced pair of hub members mounted thereon forrotation therewith, each of said hub members having two axially spacedcircumferential rows of radially extending circumferentially spaced fiatsupport members formed thereon with each support member in one rowhorizontally aligned with a corresponding support members in the otherrow and with each support member having an abutment formed thereon; aplurality of axles, one extending between each corresponding pair ofsupport members carried by each of said hub members; wherein each ofsaid hammers comprises an elongated bar having longitudinally extendingimpact faces formed on each side and carrying a pair of laterallyextend-ing legs, one on each end, provided with horizontally alignedopenings and horizontally aligned stop members, and wherein each hammeris mounted on the rotor assembly with its legs pivotally mounted on theaxles extending between corresponding pairs of support members and withthe stops on its legs positioned to engage the abutmients on the supportmembers between which it is mounted when the hammer is in workingposition.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re.14,926 Plaisted July 27, 1920 845,171 Gardner Feb. 26, 1907 1,354,855Simpson Oct. 5, 1920 1,757,452 Dellinger May 6, 1930 1,761,083 LiggettJune 3, 1930 1,841,355 Bowen Jan. 19, 1932 1,947,783 Levin Feb. 20, 19342,045,688 Armstrong June 30, 1936 2,563,958 Pollitz Aug. 14, 1951FOREIGN PATENTS 167,239 Switzerland Feb. 15, 1934 Feb. 4, 1958 .SARKACOIL HANDLINGMECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 25, 1956 INVENTORAlbert J Sorku

